Tag: Gardening / Food

How Having the Food We Want When We Want It
Threatens Our Food Supply and Our Future

by Rob Dunn

The title is a bit misleading: this book isn’t just about how our main food crops have become monocultures of single varieties, and why that’s bad news. It’s about so many other details and nuances in how the plants we depend upon for food are interconnected with the lives of pests, pathogens and pollinators and how they are affected by climate variations. In ways that are far more subtle and delicately balanced that I had imagined. It’s about how the seemingly casual choices of explorers centuries ago influenced the types of foods we know today. It’s about how diversity is fast disappearing in plant species across the world and why that’s so alarming. It’s about plant genetics and breeding, the scramble of scientists to understand food webs and plant diseases, the cause of disasters in the past like the Irish potato famine, how crucial it is to avoid another in the future- yet we seem to be lining everything up for such a calamity to happen again. It’s about how agriculture arose, and changed drastically very recently, and why that has caused funding to shift away from the very scientists who might save us from loosing our food plants. It’s about the importance of saving nature- not because wild animals are interesting or have their own right to live, but because there are so many unknowns out there that might be key to adaptations in a fast-changing world. I thought most of the discussions in this book would be about food crops, and for the most part they are: bananas, cocoa, coffee, corn, wheat, wine grapes etc. But there’s also a chapter all about rubber trees, diseases that strike them, and problems on rubber plantations. Lots of history and the importance (and amazing dedication) of seed collectors too.  I think the page I found most striking though, standing out in my mind hours after finishing the book, was the description of a room the author visited- a museum collection of plant pathogens and diseases- pieces of leaf, stem, seed, branch, etc. all afflicted in some way, arranged around the room in disarray- for the collection was no longer properly maintained or cared for. He said it was “an unkempt wilderness of our oblivion” and therein was a piece of wood which the elderly curator showed him:

On the wood grew a serpentine monster of a fungus. “That was a fungus from the collection that escaped and started to eat the building”, he explained. The same collection, in other words, that could shed light on some of the most significant events in human history could also eat at civilization. The piece of wood had been preserved, the curator noted, because it emphasized the power of fungi and, I supposed, the fallibility of humans.

Borrowed from the public library.

Rating: 4/5
323 pages, 2017

The Science Behind the 100 Most Common Recommendations

by Jeff Gillman and Meleah Maynard

This book makes a solid attempt at sorting out popular gardening advice into good, bad and questionable. A hundred commonly heard tips are examined: how well do they work? is there scientific backing for the idea? could it do more harm than good? I admit there was a lot of stuff in here I’d heard of and followed at times. I came across one piece of outlandish advice that was totally new to me: that beating a tree with a baseball bat will make it flower. What?? (No, this is not recommended). I have myself considered should I paint or seal a wound from removing a tree limb, is it good to fertilize the hole when planting a tree, how carefully should you space plants in the garden, does releasing predatory insects help against pests and so on. I like that this book tells you what will happen if you do follow the advice- good or bad. And it goes through all the things that are iffy- either they don’t work as well as people hope, aren’t worth the effort, or really depend on conditional factors. There wasn’t a lot that was news to me in this book, but it was a nice refresher and reminder that some things aren’t worth the time to bother with, or are probably just ineffective. The book is divided into sections: soil health; watering; controlling pest, weeds and diseases; using mulch; growing annuals, perennials and bulbs; trees and shrubs; vegetables and fruit; and lawn care. It seemed to me that most of the advice in the soil section kept repeating: don’t till! And I was a bit surprised how much synthetic fertilizers or pesticides were actually recommended here- just enough to keep the lawn healthy is better than none at all (if your lawn is suffering from lack of nutrients) but also they point out that just because pesticides are organic, doesn’t mean they’re safe. They can be toxic if misapplied or overdone. I took notes on a deer repellent (I use Irish Spring soap bits- this book suggests a mixture of eggs and hot pepper sauce), how to make a quick temporary shade for transplants, and using corn gluten meal on the grass.

Borrowed from the public library.

Rating: 3/5
224 pages, 2012

How I Found the Food That Loves Me Back

by Shauna James Ahern

This book is kind of scattered but I was enthralled with it anyway. Because for the past three months I have been trying my best to be gluten-free, and the different in my life is astonishing. I saw myself so much in these pages, it was really nice to be able to relate (more so than the first book I read about being gluten-free). Even though her writing is repetitive- the same anecdotes come up multiple times, the same food memories from her childhood, and so on- I didn’t mind because I was sinking into the words, absorbing the reality that what I’ve been going through, other people have too. I suspect the repetitive nature is from the book being based on her blog (which I would really like to read but can’t access- I arrived too late!) and it was confusing how the chapters kept switching back and forth, from describing how she ate and felt before realizing gluten was an issue, and after. I just do so much better as a reader when things stay consistently chronological. What I like most about this book, is how she delights in her new relationship with food. Her period of anger and disappointment at having to stop eating anything with gluten (this is far more than just avoiding bread btw) is markedly short, or at least she doesn’t dwell on it. Instead she revels in how wonderful it feels to not be achingly tired all the time, to not feel constantly sick and run-down, to eat food that tastes good and makes you feel energized and alive and healthy. And now I know exactly what she means.

I can’t afford all the fancy foodstuffs she dives into, but I’m definitely willing to try new things. Yes I’ve omitted one pervasive grain from my diet, and two minor ones (wheat, rye and barley) but on the other hand I’ve added eight new ones (and still have the old standbys of corn, rice and oats – though have to be picky about the oats). This doesn’t feel like a deprivation anymore. Because it’s just so nice to feel good. I’ve figured out how to make biscuits, banana bread and piecrust that have the taste and texture I like, am working on learning pizza dough, sweet buns, bread, tortillas from scratch, etc. I’m still shocked at how many decades I lived with all these pervasive symptoms, that I was so used to, they just felt like normal. Don’t have to feel that way! Changing the way I cook and eat is so very worth it.

This turned into much about me, ha. I would really like to find more books about the experience of adjusting to living gluten-free (as opposed to just books offering advice or recipes). Any suggestions?

Borrowed this one from the public library.

Rating: 4/5
276 pages, 2007

More opinions: Sophisticated Dorkiness
anyone else?

by Frances Moore Lappé

This book was first published in 1971. But I’m noting the 2021 publication date below, because I read the revised edition which has of course a new introduction and preface, but also additional chapters and rewritten chapters, plus many added or revised recipes (and some were deleted). While it’s still outdated in regards to the nutritional info (according to some other reviews I’ve read), the content about how politics and economics shape our food options, seems just as relevant today. Not to mention the environmental issues! To be honest, I skimmed a large portion of this book (which is why I gave it three stars instead of four)- one of the introductions in particular was hard to read, it felt very rambling and full of short snippets that expected me to already know a lot about the author and her stance on things. I had less interest in reading about the politics around food, though it is eye-opening to realize how much goes wrong with food systems all over the world. Lappé insists that most countries produce well over the amount of food needed for their populations, but so much is wasted, or exported (because that makes more money) or in myriad ways made inaccessible to the poor, that far too many people still suffer from hunger. Her other big point is that far too much land is used to grow food for livestock- and that more food would be available for people, if we just ate the plants that grow on that land ourselves. Eating low on the food chain, consuming mostly fruits, vegetables and grains. She’s not vegetarian though and quite a few of the recipes in the book contain animal products (though none feature meat). It’s about eating whole foods instead of processed items, and making plant foods the center of the diet, not meat. The reciepes provided are supposed to give you plenty of protein through a variety of whole grains and vegetables (lots of them feature beans or legumes). I’m curious to try a few so copied some of them down.

Borrowed from the public library.

Rating: 3/5
415 pages, 2021

by Sarah Stewart

After reading Stitches I wanted to see more by the artist, David Small. His illustrations have a slightly different feel in this book- they’re feel softer, more gentle. Still just as vivid, with the expressive line I admire so much. Story is of a young girl in what I assumed was Depression era, but not sure. She has to leave the family farm because times are hard (I guessed they were having trouble feeding the family) and goes to stay with her uncle in the city. He runs a bakery. He never smiles. She wants to work hard and prove herself useful, but also longs to see her uncle smile. And brings her love of plants with her, packets of seeds from her grandmother’s garden. Gradually through the pages you see green appearing then filling the pages- first in a corner here, on a fire escape there. She grows flowers in window boxes and more people stop to look at them from the sidewalk, drawing customers into the shop. But she’s really making a huge surprise for her uncle up on the roof of the building. There’s a double page spread near the end that’s just a glorious riot of flowers, bold and free with color. Lovely. It’s all told in brief letters the girl writes home, so not a lot of detail in the words, you have to gather it visually through the images, but it’s one you want to linger over anyway. The art is a bit loose and sketchy but I enjoyed trying to identify some of the species pictured anyway: daffodils, amaryllis, tulips, sunflower, zinnias, daisies, morning glory, cosmos, marigold, astilbe . . . Really nice story of a girl facing a hard situation, bringing some cheer into a dingy place with her ‘green thumb’.

Borrowed from the public library.

Rating: 3/5
40 pages, 1997

A guide to eating well and saving money by wasting less food

by Dana Gunders

I read this book in between the last four. And took lots of notes. It’s about saving food in the kitchen. Planning better to buy only what you need, being organized so you don’t forget what’s in the back of your cupboard (or fridge), storing things properly so they stay fresh longer, and lots of tips on how to use up leftovers, salvage a dish that got slightly burnt or over-salted, or tell if your slightly-off-looking produce is still okay to eat. What you can freeze and for how long. There’s a chapter on how to start composting, a list on what you can safely feed your pets, and more on making household use of food items you won’t eat (banana peels to shine shoes, onion skin to make egg dye, etc). Facts on food-borne illness, what exactly causes it, how to avoid it.

Some things in here I’ve already been doing for years- I try to plan meals to stretch the ingredients- for example, I often make a meat pie dish with whatever vegetable bits are leftover in the fridge, and I nearly always make enchiladas using sauce from a chicken mole the day before. I usually peel broccoli stalks and dice them up to add to a soup or the meat pie, but never thought of doing a salad with them. There’s a section of recipes that give general guidelines for using whatever you have on hand that needs to be eaten- soup, fried rice, shepherd’s pie- and I’m going to copy some of them down. Also others that sound like great ideas but I’ve never tried before- brownies with black beans in them, a chocolate mousse made out of slightly-overripe avocado. Disappointed that the directory mentions using cooked quinoa to make a flour-less chocolate cake, but there’s no recipe for that so I’ll have to look for it elsewhere. The directory is a list of some 80 common foods, with notes on how to store them, how to tell if they’re still good, and how to make the best use when they start to go bad or you have too much extra. (No notes on cabbage though. I had to look online: cabbage goes in the high-humidity crisper drawer. Yes, my family eats cabbage- I have half a head in there right now!)

In the middle of reading this book I put it down, went and adjusted my crisper drawers (I’d been using them wrong), moved my oranges in there, put my grapes and fresh-picked green beans in paper bags. I’m sure there’s other things I’ve been doing sub-optimally all this time! Not all the instructions work for me, though. This book says that potatoes, onions and bread shouldn’t be kept in the fridge. But where I live we have high humidity. I’ve found that onions kept under my sink will spoil, bread wrapped on the counter goes moldy before we eat it all, and potatoes in my basement storage room (where I thought it would be cool enough), go bad. So I do keep all those in the fridge.

Borrowed from the public library. I found an article by the author here, on why she wrote the book. Notes I took for myself below. There’s more on my garden notes blog.

  • Freeze leftovers if you think you won’t use them soon, and label with a date.
  • Don’t overcrowd the freezer, it needs air circulation to work well.
  • Rewrap meats brought home fresh from grocery store, before freezing portions.
  • Burnt pan of food? put in a larger pan of cold water, then scrape off what’s salvagable.
  • Eggs are good three to five weeks past the ‘sell by’ date.
  • Whole wheat flour and brown rice should be kept in the fridge in an opaque, air-tight container.
  • Use yogurt instead of milk in baking: add half teaspoon baking powder for every cup yogurt.
  • Save peach, plum, nectarine etc pits in freezer. Make syrup w/them later.
  • Save butter wrappers, freeze, use later to grease pans
  • Scrape clean the base of a pineapple top, remove lower leaves and root in water for a houseplant!

 

Rating: 3/5
200 pages, 2015

by Frances Hodgson Burnett

Lovely book I remember so well from my childhood. Although the characters aren’t so lovely themselves at first! but that’s part of the charm, seeing how they grow and change. Orphaned Mary Lennox is downright unpleasant when she arrives in England from India, where her parents had died of cholera. She’s to stay with her distant uncle in a huge old house full of unused rooms. He travels a lot and she’s pretty much left to her own devices. Bored and lonely, she wanders the grounds where she finds a gruff older gardener working. Mary discovers that there’s a locked garden somewhere on the grounds, and curiosity drives her to locate it, and find a way to get inside. She wants to know if anything is left alive, since the garden was locked up for ten years. Partly guided by a friendly robin, she does find the garden and its door- and then keeps it a secret as she works to bring it back to life herself- weeding and coaxing the flowers to grow. Of course she can’t hide it forever. Soon she makes friends with the housemaid’s boy Dickon, and lets him in on her secret. Later she makes a shocking discovery (at least, it shocked me as a child) that she has an invalid cousin, who keeps to his room in another part of the house. The boy is just as spoiled as she was upon arrival to the house, but now she wants to help him grow healthier and enjoy life- by showing him the garden. Together the children conspire to keep their use of the garden hidden from adults- while being out in the fresh air, exercising and enjoying other’s company seems to help the sickly cousin Colin grow stronger. Mary is convinced that the garden is magic- that being among the beautiful growing things helped her, and now it’s helping Colin.

It’s hard to argue with that. A lot of the story has some obvious metaphors- as spring unfolds with the growth of plants, Mary gradually blossoms into a lively, kind child (though she still has her moments of sour temper). It seems the author’s message was that attitude can have a huge influence on how one feels, even affected your health- but I think that’s only to a point. Maybe she carries this idea a little too far- especially in Colin’s case. Everyone around him believed he was a sickly baby who grew into a sickly child who might never live. So he believed it himself. Until Mary startled him out of feeling sorry for himself and took him out in to the garden. Nature the great healer. I liked better the beginning of the story when Mary was attempting to clear things in the garden and help the plants even though she knew so little about it, rather than the end when some of the characters got a bit preachy. But overall it’s still a wonderful story.

I wanted to read this one again because I watched a recent movie version of it with my ten-year-old. I expected some parts to be different from the book, but I was a little disappointed how different they were. For starters, there’s no dog in the original story. The movie left out the old gardener entirely, and he was one of my favorite characters! I was dismayed at how much the movie emphasized the idea of magic, rather than just wholesome living and positive attitudes, working their cure on Mary and Colin. And the garden was oddly full of tropical plants, not at all like I’d pictured it from the book. I recognize that nowadays people have issues with racist attitudes the book showed- particularly towards people of color, and the servants, and even maybe the Yorkshire accent is offensive? those things didn’t bother me at all on a re-read, I suppose nostalgia let me breeze over them too easily. For all that, I still much prefer the original book to what this movie portrayed. However I found in poking around online there’s quite a few older film versions, some look interesting and closer to what I felt was the original feel of the book. I might try and find a few!

Rating: 4/5
256 pages, 1911

More opinions:
Pages Unbound
Dear Author
Mr. Leeper’s Bookshelf
anyone else?

The Thinking Person's Guide to Good Gardening

by Ken Thompson

Collection of very brief essays on gardening topics, from what was once a newspaper column (seems to be a common source for many gardening books). This one was of particular interest because the author made a point of combing through many many scientific journals to pull out results of studies and reports that he thought common gardeners would like to know about: answering questions, laying to rest long-held myths, or just satisfying some curiosity. Things like- do shards in the bottom of a pot improve drainage (no), does it matter what color you paint a birdhouse (maybe), is compost tea worth making, what vegetables are most worthwhile to grow in your garden, what makes strawberries taste better, which insects are in decline (as of its publication), etc. Some bits were of less interest to me than others, but the sections I actually skimmed were very few. I’m always rather pleased when at the end of reading a nonfiction book, the top page block is crowded with strips of paper I stuck in to remind me to look things up. On finishing The Sceptical Gardener, I looked up more info on: harlequin ladybird beetle, New Zealand flatworm, calabrese, saskatoon, sowbread, flower sprouts (or kalette- I want to grow this!) Some of these are just because the author is British so the terms were unfamiliar. He says for example, that a certain berry is “widely grown and eaten in America, where it is called saskatoon.” I’d never heard of this berry. Looked it up: oh, serviceberry! I know that name. Also, one interesting note for cooking: to make a tomato sauce taste super fresh, add some tomato leaves to the sauce, pull them out before serving.

Rating: 3/5
338 pages, 2015

the Making of a Canadian Garden

by Douglas Chambers

Here again, is a book about gardening with a different bent. I could never dream of having a garden such as this- 150 acres of avenues, hedges, flower beds, impressive views and gravel walks connecting what is really a series gardens in what sounds like lovely and surprising ways. I had never heard of this author when I happened upon his book by chance. He was a university professor and sounds like he very much loved literature, poetry and the arts. His gardens were built on a grand scale with amusing quirks- personal humorous asides and favorite quotations from writers and poets placed in very apt locations. Inscribed on stone usually, and relating to each portion of the garden by its design. He says the gardens were each to represent a particular aspect of garden design history, and those who knew the references would get it the moment they stepped into the garden. I admit that rather went over my head- I did not get far with the one serious book on garden design I tried to read. While the scale of everything he did felt so far beyond my own scope- planting dozens of trees to line a path, and then replacing half of them the following year (because they died), no problem. Having artisans design and built gates out of old farming equipment, which sounds very picturesque and practical, stonework laid everywhere, bulldozers flattening or changing slopes here there and everywhere- visitors later remarking how wonderful that he’d inherited such gardens (on the old family farm) but no he built them all from practically nothing- it looked well-established though because he did it properly right from the beginning, with effort and expense but I am sure the results were beautiful. The book does have photos but most are black-and-white, not very large so I did a lot of imagining. While I could never dream of having such a spread of well-designed and flawlessly laid-out gardens (he had formal gardens of many designs, an herb garden, a large vegetable garden, a cottage garden full of flowers, made a lake, etc etc) I really admire the way he thought it all through- “zany” as it sometimes sounded (his own term)- also so perfectly delightful and for once, I was familiar with most of the plants (same continent, though further north). I could well relate to many of the struggles and joys he had with plants- tending the young seedlings, digging and moving things that didn’t do well to a new spot next year, hoping to finally roust the pests (groundhogs in his case), and so on.

I was a bit surprised on finishing this book to look around online and discover that while it’s considered “a Canadian classic” there are very few online reviews- or at least I could not find any. Please see the one I linked to below. I was deeply saddened to learn at the same time that the author passed away recently in May 2020, of Covid-19. I did not know the man, nor do I ever expect to visit his gardens (if they are still kept up), but this does make me feel dismal.

Rating: 4/5
230 pages, 1996

more opinions:
barczablog anyone else?

by Winefride Nolan

This was much more to my taste! Straightforward and down-to-earth, very much so in fact. The author lived on a farm in Ireland and wrote what it was like farming in the forties and fifties, how their farm gradually changed from using old methods of harvesting by hand, with horses and simple implements, to modern equipment and technology- and why they made that shift. She said she wrote the book so her grandchildren would know what farming used to be like- and the book is mostly just about the farm, how it was run and maintained, very little about the family interactions or characters of neighbors, etc- although a few little sketches and incidents are mentioned. Interestingly enough, it’s also about why this family farm shifted from being one that raised a variety of livestock and crops, to becoming very specialized- mainly for the profit margin. They simply could not make a success of it, otherwise. They quit raising pigs, chickens and sheep for various practical reasons, eventually gravitating to dairy cattle. (A very amusing but exasperating- sounding incident with one of their last pigs was related: the pig had rooted into a very large stack of stored straw and wound up against a wall, they heard it grunting when they called it to come feed, but the pig wouldn’t back out, so they had to climb the straw pile and dig down to get it free). It was a different kind of focus for a book about farm life- compared to others I’ve read- and I found I liked it very much. I think if I knew these people I would like them very much, too.

Added two more books to my list: the precursor to this one, called The New Invasion, and a book the author twice mentioned reading herself, Malabar Farm by Louis Blomfield.

Rating: 4/5
178 pages, 1966

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All books reviewed on this site are owned by me, or borrowed from the public library. Exceptions are a very occasional review copy sent to me by a publisher or author, as noted. Receiving a book does not influence my opinion or evaluation of it

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